Justifying mechanism.



'P-ATENTED BBQ. 8,. L903.

. F. B. CONVERSE, JR, JUSTIFYING MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED MAIL 31, 1900. RENEWED APR. 11, 1903.

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no MODEL: 7

izieaseJ (5 i3. fid/w/ k J25 M 110146.295. Y PATENTED DEG.8,1908. F. B. GONVERSEJR.

JUSTIFYING MEGHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 31, 1900. RENEWED APR.11, 1903.

H0 MODEL. 10 SHEETS- SHEET 2.

Q68. fla [3 7% Tim-MW No. 746,295. -PATENTED DEC. 8, 1903.

' P. B. CONVERSE, JR.

JUSTIPYING MECHANISM. APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 31, 1900. RENEWED AER. 11, 1903.

no menu. 1o SHEETS-SHEET a.

6,' a v I I m M No. 746,295 lATENTED'DEG. 8, 1903.

' F. B. CONVERSE, JR.

JUSTIFYING MECHANISM. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 31, 1900. RENEWED APRfll, 1903.

WQ'tITeJMJ W m "ma scams PETERS co. FNOTO-UTNQ. wAsHmlnoN, p. c.

No. 746,295.] PATENTBD DEC. s, 1903.

F. B. CONVERSE, JR;

JUSTIFYING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 31, 1900. EEEEWED APR. 11, 1903.

H0 MODEL. 10 SHBETS SHEET 5.

ziz V Y ////4 A 74 5621 36-550 I 5 g 9164 5mm My PATENTED DEC. 8, 1908.

P B CONVERSE, JR JUSTIFYING MECHANISM. APPLIUATION FILED MAR. 31, 1900. RENEWED APR. 11, 1903.

10 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

N0 MODEL.

. Invento THE NORRIS FETERS co.. PHoTo-umn. WASHINGTON. a. c,

No. 746,295. 3 PATENTED DEC. 3, 1903.

P. B. oonvmszz, JR. Y JUSTIFYING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 31, 190p. RENEWED APR. 11, 1903.

H0 MODEL. 10 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

ms NuRm s'PEr:Rs co. PNoTouTnu. WASNINGTOPVJ. n. r:

BIO-746,295. PATENTED DEC. 8, 1903.

EB. CONVERSE; J1 JUSTIFYING MECHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED uz. a1. 1900. RENEWED APR. 11, 1903. no MODEL. 1o SHEETS-SHEET 9.

m5 Norms PETERS o0, PHOTD-LITHO. \VASNINGTUN D10.

' 110. 746,295 PATENTE'DDEG. 8,1903.

' P. B; CONVERSE, JR. LTUSTIPYING MECHANISM.

APPLIOATION rmmmn. a1, 1900. RENEWED APR. 11, 1903.

10 MODEL. 1o sHn3Ts-sHBhT 1o.

UNITED-STATES Patented December 8, 1908; I

PATENT Cam-E.

' FRANCIS B. CONVERSE, JR., voELoiIIsvILLE, KENTIICKY, Ass'IeNoR'To THE CONVERSE MANUFACTURING GQMPANY, F CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CoR- PoRATIoN oF'oHIo.

JUSTIFFYING MECHANISM.

SPECIFICATION forming part'of: Letters Patent No. 746,295, dated December 8, 1903..

Applicationfiled that 31, 900. Renewed April 11, mos. derial No. 152,263. (No model.)

T0 at whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANCIS BJOONVERsE,

J r., a citizen of the United States, residing at Louisville, in the county of Jefferson and State of Kentucky, have invented acertain new and useful Improvement in J ustifying Mechanfisms, of which the followingis a full, clear,

and exact description, reference being had te the accompanying drawings. 1

, to The object of the invention 1s toprovide an efficient machine for the justification of type I by the selection from preexisting different} sized spaces those which ;will in the aggregate equal the aggregate of space required,

I5 while individually they approximate as near as may be the theoretic equal individual spaces. The selecting mechanism which I have devised for this purpose is equally adapt;

To the above end the invention includes,

broadly, means for measuring the shortage of a line to be justified, means for taking ac-" count or measuring the number of spaces to be justified in the line, a seriesot relatively movable projections, means for varying their relative'distance according to one of these measurements and for varying their aggregate position according to the other, anda connection between this resultant positionw and'the spaces to be in the justified line, whereby the proper size are selected.

The invention com prehends also a series of stepped space-bars, means for measuring the line with the bars'inserted therein in similar positions, means for computing from this measurement and from the number of spacebars in action the proper steps of the different space-bars to be in the line to produce the 5 proper aggregate thickness, and means forso withdrawing the space-bar's.

The embodiment of the invention. in a lineso my invention.

The invention may thus be conveniently =sum'mar'izedjas consisting of the combinations 'ofelements hereinafter described, and set out I in the claims;

In' the accompanying drawings I have represented the invention as applied to the general form of machine illustrated in patent of O tt'mar Mergenthaler, No. 436,532, dated September 16, 1890, to which reference may be made foraccompa'niments not involved in the presentin ventiom Figure 1 is a front elevation ofa portion of I such a machine with my invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a corresponding rear elevation. Fig. 3 is a verticalcross-section on line 3 3 of Fig. 1 looking from the right of that figure, Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section approximatelyon the line/t 4 of Fig. 2looking from' the left of th'at'fi'gure. Fig. 5 is aplan, (parts above the-bar k being ,removed;) and Fig. 6 is adetail, being a horizontal section on line 6 6 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a portion of Fig. 1, on a larger scale, showing parts in a different position. Fig.8 is an enlarged detail of the lower portion of the. lifters e, partly broken away. Figs. 9 and 9% are enlarged details, being respectively a vertical section on the line 9 9 of Fig. 4 and a horizontal section on the line 971,91}; of that figure. Figs.

10, 11, and 12 are details .furth'er illustrating parts appearingin Fig. 9, showing them in difierent positions corresponding to the requirements for justification of difierent lines. Fig. 13 is a detail, being a horizontal section .on line 13 13 of Fig. 1. Fig. 14, on the same sheet with Fig. 3, is a perspective view of a spacing-bar herein employed. Figs. 15 to 18 illustrate a modification of the space-determining mechanism, Fig. 15 being a sectional plan corresponding to Fig. 6, Fig. 1 6;an..eleo 'vation in section corresponding to Figs. 10,

11, and 12, Fig. 17 an endelevation of the variable projections looking at them from the v right of Figs. 15 and'16, and.Fig. 1.8.ahorizontal section on the line 18 18 of Fig. 16 look- 5 ing from below. Fig. 19, on the same sheet with Fig. 3, is an enlarged elevation of the space-accounting mechanism shown in that figure, being a vertical section on the line 19 19 of Fig. 9. IOO

Frame-Thevariousmechanismsinvolved are shown as supported upon the two sides of a vertical frame-plate a, on a horizontal frameplate ct, and on a bracket (1 fixed to the rear side of plate a.

AssembZing mechanism.-B represents a keyboard of any desirable form connected by wires 0r rodsib' with thee-jectorswf a tniaga-i zine containing a supply of matrices. The

form of the magazine not being involved in the present invention it is not shown in the drawings. It would, however, stand above the channels Z2 through which (a key b being depressed) a matrix would be delivered upon the-ti'a ei-ing belt ha r-huh ingoi er the wheel b and delivered thereby in the assemblage-elevator c. Any. of the well-known mechanisms for assembling matrices may be used in this connection. r .1

The assemblage-elevator consists of the U- shaped part 0, Figs. 1 and 3, which is yerti cally slid-able in gibs c (shown in 'Figl liybh the plate a The IllztbllCGSb are ofthe" form shown in the patent referred to and consist s o fis p ece of. brass le ies. the. char f'ormedjinits-edgeat If, Fig figand provided cfl slidable in a grooye iii thepart c The fin'creasihgfliiie of n'ia trices presses bacE this, "'fodt again's tithe t'ension pfl'a springc 1 figiqce btftif sg ll shown in Fig.

gamut thu'srunnjiig'fro'm.,O90 to OQ3O iI I thick- "ne'ss. portions d tp'cl 'between the sue-f f" i es r iq ffsei T e e r s i ifei'iai ick i ii s t iiil t r e i e ae hs smea sdieit 9 vs ts fifie t r ac frpinth Hpper end of matr n' toa point 'beloyv th charactertherein} at 1/", Fig. ,Zlflie sh ou filers lieliwe'n f'the siicces'sive portions Je i -r The 1W 3 1% b wi est h sje de u tcr si e s te i simp spaces increasing by a'coinmon' iff erenjce fjoiii'edjtogether attheiredges'toio rin the, inftegraLstepped' bar, 'shownfi the larger end of the bar are the ears difland d the tor- 66 ihenof which 'is of su bstantiallyth e same size as tlie'e ars b of thelnjatrix "The otherie ar,

: d 'filsj eonsijleralily widerft hain the ears of the fm'atrices and'is part iall 'y cut away tolforni "'the n'otch (1 as shown. Thecoinmdh difierence in the "thick n'essof the different sections is hereii iafterj referred to p as the "space bar Inserting space-bars into the Zine-A supply of these space-bars is provided in the machine, being contained in a holder d Figs. 1, 2, and 3, within which they are suspended by means of the ears 1 and 61*, which rest upon the inclined edges d of the holder 61 They are placed in the holder with the larger .ean'el toward; the fironhgan'd'itho stepped side toward the right, as-shown,'and tend to slide toward the lower end of the incline d until stopped by the shoulders 61 On the rear side of the holder d is a lifter (Z Fig. 2, slidable on the screws d, the upper end 61 of which stands below the ear of the first space-bar in'thh'didei i "Ihelifterd is connected, by meansof the links d and al with carrying th e space-key d, Fig. 1, on its forthe lever-arm g at the point of its connection w th @hali trl m ..hrrsi mfte ;-iln

When the s' acekey is depressed following the ass'e'thblag'eb f' srwbragmw lifter (Z is caused to raise a space-bar clear of the shoulder c1 Gravity actingoii the space -bat liohind-it' causes it to be advanced over the shoulders 61 to a position'from which it falls throughxthehhaitnel 61 into? the assemblage word; it i'ssiipp'orted in the assent blagemembe by the ear d with its"th'ickesUsectio'n d between 'the"n1a'trices; as shown: in 'Fig? l. A line of matrices and space-barsis't'husassembled the length of which before'j ustification i s at least'as great as -thel'engtlioPthe de ired line', but notgreater than the length of the desiredline hy'an amountrnore' than the difference between the thickest andthinnest jportions of aspace-bar m'ultiplied' 'by'the num ber of, space-bars. in theline, wherefore the subsequent readjustment of thesp'aceba'rs may give theline the'required' length. N Advancing the line t'n'iop0sttion"'1b7zerc it is'justtfied. Carried in grooves in the upper edgebt' the "frame-plate a, Figs." 1; 3,:"and4, and'i'nth e lower edge of 'the ban-76 are the slides k and 7c, the slide havihgfiaffixedto fits rear side the rack 70 .1"A"sprihg"7o ,"at-

fached at its ends to the two slides, (thesptring t occupying ajhole k in t'he'slide 7c in" brder to ofsufficient lengtln) tends to draw the two jsides together. Fix'ed'to the forward .si'de of respectively, the latter extending downward into the path of the upperend'ofj'the'footc by'whichit is engaged andmov'ed to the left as the line increases in length As many natri ces'and space-bars as theline will 'properly contain having been 'zissembled',"the assemblagemembe'r bis elevatedto the lev'eliot' the'track 0, Fig. 1,.by means of al'iand-lever (not shown.) on the shaft 0 which 'is'"connected, by means of a lever e and a link c with the member c. .JA cam shaft l,"carried bearings Z Z Figs. 2, 3, and 91);, isconne c,t ed with a source of power of the'm'achine by any me'ans which will give it one complete t-nntnl A- Ni A'.

ward end. The link (Z connects also with the space-key lever d, fulcrumed at (Z and nein beigjc adjacent to the previously-set rotation immediately succeeding the eleva- 1 tion of the assemblage member 0.

For convenienoe of illustration this shaft is here shown as an auxiliary shaft carrying only the cams concerned in the justification, and the operation of the cams occupy the whole of the rotation of the shaft.

rail and the shoulder 0', Figs.- 1, 3, and 4, the

bracket 0 secured to the plate low enough down to permit the'passage of the space-bars.

As the line reaches this level the shaft 1 begins to rotate in the direction of the arrow in Figs. 3

around the shaft 1. The link Z0 has at its other end gear-teeth meshing with the gear the space-bars./'On the front side of the plate It" on a vertical shaft 19 Figs. 3 and 9. This shaft is carried in bearings 10 and 15 and carries at its upper end a gear in, which meshes with the raek'k on the rear side of the slide h, above referred to. A spring 7.0 draws the link 10 to the left in Fig. 3 as the decreasing face of the cam passes the roller,

rotating the shaft 70 to advance the rack I0 and therewith the fingers 70 and k and the interposed line of matrices, toward the left of the machine, the matrices and space-bars sliding upon the rail 0 and shoulders 0', the ears b of the matrices travelingin the grooves 0 The line comes to rest approximately in the position shown in Fig. 7 during the passage of the concentric face is of the cam is".

Space-bar lifters and their engagement by a, carried in bearings e e, (in which they are free to move vertically,) is a series of flat strips e of the form shown in Figs. 1 and 3. Pivoted at e to each of these strips are the strips, e, which may be swungin a plane parallel with the plate a on the pivots e". The

hinged strips thus provided I-term lifters.

These lifters stand normally, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, with their upper ends between the railo and the rigid bracket 0 The over- 1 hanging end e of the left-hand lifter projects into the path of the ears (:1 of the space-bars line, as above mentioned. As the line is advanced along its path 0 the projecting end of the lifter is engaged by the ear of the first space-bar and forced thereby past the pawl 0 ,the bevel 0 Fig. 13, thereafter pressing the, lifter back farther into the notch d in the ear of the space-bar for better engage- The line being elevated passes up between the fingers k and k heretofore mentioned, to the level of the ment. The spring 0 thereupon draws the remaining lifters to the left until the first one remaining comes into the position just occupied by the one engaged by the space-bar, another pawl, 0 Fig. 13, just below the pawl 0 pressing it toward the line of matrices under the action of the leaf-spring 0 into position to be engaged by the next space-bar. Th us as each space-bar passes the upper ends of the lifters it will engage and carry along with it one of the lifters.

Space-accounting mechanism, (Figs. 2, 3, 4t, 5, 6, 9, and l9.)-The lever g heretofore'referred to, with which the space-key is connected by means of the link al is fulcrumed on the hub of a ratchet g on a shaft g. This shaft is carried in bearings g and g on the bracket a and a cylinder g is fixed thereto. This cylinder has gear-teeth g ,extending from end to end, cut on a portion of its circumference, as shown. The other end, 9 of the lever g carries a pawlg engaginga tooth of the ratchet g in suchmanner that as the space-key is depressed the rachet'is turned one tooth, the pawl 9 (shown in Figs. 5 and 9,) fulcrumed on an arm g of the standard giretaining it'against retrograde tendencydue to a weight (not known) on a cord g, attached to the periphery of a disk g fixed on the shaft g.

The gear-teeth g of'the cylinder A key 9 on the shaft g projects into a wide slot g Fig. 19, in the hub of the ratchet, the slot permitting the ratchet too The shaft g and the cylinder 9 space-bars inserted in the line-that is, the

number of spaces to be justified in the line, or, more briefly stated, the number-of spaces in the line-as Idisregard in this specification any non-justifying spacer-type which for various reasons might be set in the line.

Spacadetermining mechanism and its connection with the Zifters.Oarried in grooves in two stationary guide-piecesf (inserted-in the bracket a are L-shaped piecesf f f f of the form shown inFigs. 4 and.9. The machine shown being designed for a range of five sizes of spaces, (five steps on the space- -bar,-) there are five steps provided by the L- shaped pieces. This requiresfour of these pieces, each projection and the face of the lowermost piece'f constituting a step. The horizontal portion of the first of these L- shaped pieces f is carried in the topmost groovef and has the down wardly-projecting end f at right angles to the horizontal portion, and the other pieces f f f, are carried in the grooves f f f and have the downwardly-projecting ends f f f, respectively. These pieces are movable independently in their respective grooves f to f and are provided with pins f f f f which take into grooves f f f f respectively, in the under side of the platef. These latter grooves having each a different inclination to the edge of the plate f communicate to the pieces ff f f' different movements as the plate is moved toward the rear of the machine, moving all the pieces toward the left in Fig. 6 and at the same time separating them. Their position with reference to the length of the platefas well as relative to each other is therefore determined by the number of space-bars inserted in the line, as will be more fully explained hereinafter.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 4, 9, and 9%, each of the lower portions 6' of the lifters is engaged by an arm e of a fiat bellcrank lever, the rounded end e of which takes into a \I-shaped groove in the recess 9 in the part e. These levers are fulcrumed on a stud e", and a tension is exerted on their other ends e by springs a one spring being attached to each lever. These springs unimpeded would act to raise the lifters. They are, however, restrained by a bell-crank lever 6 which is fulcrumed on the same stud e and has a lug e projecting across all the levers e". The other end, 8, of the lever e carries a roller 6 acted upon by the cam e Thus While the concentric face ,of the cam 6 is passing the roller 6 the lifters are maintained in the position shown.

Fulcrumed to each of the arms e by knucklejoints e is a series of flat plungers e to (2, which lie side to side and are carried at their upper ends in a bearing e supported on the under side of the bracket a These plungers are each the same thickness as the downwardly-projecting ends f to)" of the pieces f tof heretofore described, and stand in a position such that the end plunger 6 is in line with the end f of the piecef in the normal position of the parts before the space-key has been operated. The thickness of these parts (2 to e and f to f bears a definite relation to the space-bar unit,'iu the present case be ing four times such unit, the purpose of which will appear later.

Linameasm'i-ng mechd'his m and its connection with the space determining mechanism. Projecting through an opening h Figs. 4 and 13, into the path of travel 0 in the line of matrices is an abutmentpin h, carried in a slide 77, which may travel toward the left in a slot h being held therein by gibs h h. This pin stands normally at such point that if a line of matrices and space-bars of exactly the desired length, as shown in Fig. 13, is brought to rest in the path 0 in the manner previously described the finger in advance of the line will stop against the pin without moving it. Any increase in the length of the line will cause the pin to be moved correspondingly to the left.

Such movement of the pin h is transmitted to the plate f, heretofore described, by mechanism as follows: The platef rests between the arms h h, extending from a bar h. This bar h is guided by a-rib h in a slot h Fig. 6, and has rack-teeth out upon the lower face of this rib and upon its forward face at h. The bar h is held in place by a bar h", Fig. 5, under which it is free to slide. The fragmentary gear h meshes in the teeth h and is fixed upon the vertical shaft h, which is journaled in bearings at h and h, Figs. 3 and 4, and carries on its upper end a fragmentary gear h of one-fourth of the radius of the gear h. This gear h meshes with teeth h Fig. 13, on a bar h, fixed to the slide h ,which carries the abut-mentpin h, heretofore described. The plate f moves rearward between the arms h h each time the space-key is depressed, and it is now apparent from the nature of the connection just described that this plate will be advanced. toward the left an amount equal to four times the excess in the length of line over the desired length as the line is brought to rest in the path 0 against the abutment-pin h, it having been pointed out that that cam 70 in advancing the line stops it with the finger 70 in a predetermined position distant from the pin hequal to the length of the desired line plus the thickness of the finger 70 wherefore with such minimum line the pin h will just be engaged, but not advanced; but with a longer line the pin hand slide h will be moved along an amount equal to the excess of the length of the line, and this movement will be transmitted through the gear h and the gear h (the latter being four times the radius of the former) and ad- Vance the platef, as described. The resulting position of the plate f therefore depends on the number of space-bars in the line and on the excess of the length of the line over the desired length. This setting of the plate f and the projecting ends f j' takes place while the decreasing face k of the cam h, Figs. 3 and 4, is passing the roller 70. While the concentric face it is passing the decreasing face a" of the cam e passes the roller 6 on the lever-arm 6, allowing the springs e .to elevate the lifters until stopped by one of the plungers e to a engaging the end of the projections f f that may be standing in line with it.

The projections f f are of such length thatif the longest one, f is engaged by a plunger the space-bar engaged by the corresponding lifter is not shifted, but remains with its thickest portion d in the line. If the plunger engages the projection f the corresponding space-bar will be lifted the length of one section, leaving the second or next to the thickest section d in the line. The third, fourth, or fifth sections 61 d d are likewise left in the line according as the third, (f fourth, (f,) or no projection is engaged byone of the lifters. It is generally necessary that a portion of the space-bars be lifted one section farther than the rest, as illustrated in Fig. 7, to give the proper justification. This the mechanism does in a manner now to be set forth.

Explanation of operation of the space-determ im'ng mechanism.-Referringto Figs. 6, 9, 10, 11, and 12, the normal position. of. the parts, which is their operative position for a line'containing one space-bar and which is maintained until the space-key has been depressed twice, is as shown in Fig. 9, in which the projections are adjacent to each other, and the first projection f is in line with the plunger e which cooperates with the lefthand lifter-that is, the one engaged by the first space-bar in the line. The first depression of the space-key, simply turning the ratchet g and not the cylinder g, (owing to the play shown in Fig. 9,)' leaves the position of the parts unchanged. The second depression of the space-key turns the cylinder to advance the plate one step. The angle of the groove f is such that the L-piece f is advanced toward the right (left in Figs. 6 and 9) a distance equal to the width of one of the plungers e to e by this movement, and the angle of the succeeding grooves f f f being, respectively, two, three, and four times as great (the angles between su'c cessive grooves being equal) the pieces f f f 4 are moved to the right two, three, and four times as far, respectively, as the part f, which results in separating them by an amount equal to the movement of the first piece f. The parts are shown in this position in Fig. 10. The thickness of a plunger equal to four times the space-bar unit (thespace-har unit being the difference in thickness of successive portions of a spacebar) is hereinafter referred toas the unit of measurement or movement of these parts. Each subsequent depression of the space-key acts to move the first piece ff an additional unit toward the right and to separate the parts each from the next by an additional unit. Thus after the space-key has been de-' pressed eight times the parts will stand as shown in Fig. 11, where the first projection stands in line with the eighth plunger 6 and the projections stand eight units apart,

measuring from correspondingedges. Figs. 9,10, and 11 therefore show the position of the parts after lines containing one, two, and eight space-bars, respectively,- have been assembled and before the lines have beenadvanced along the channel 0 against the abutment-pin h. Suppose now each of these lines is as assembled just the desired length. The finger it will in each case come to rest against the pin it without advancing it, and theproj ections f 12 to f remain relatively tothe plunger e to e as shown. The cam e then allows the springs e to elevate the lifters, as already described.

In the case of the one-space line, Fig. 9, the first plunger and lifter only are concerned. As it commences to rise it' meets the projection f, which brings it to rest before it has risen far enough to shift the space-bar, and the length of the ,line is therefore not aifected.

In the case of the two-space line, Fig. 10,

the'first two lifters are engaged by space-bars, and the first two plungers are therefore concerned. The projection) standing directly above the end of thesec'o'nd plunger'e the second lifter is stopped before it rises far vents the first lifter from rising higher than the second one does, the pin e prevents the second lifter from rising higher than the third one does, and in general these pins prevent any lifter from rising higher than an other lifter to the right of it. The slots 5 to e however, permit a lifter to rise the length of one section of the space-bar higher than the lifter to the left rises. Thus if the right-hand lifter is prevented from rising or is permitted to rise one, two, or three, &c., steps all the other liftersare prevented from rising or are permitted'to rise one, two, or three, 850., steps, respectively. If, on the other hand,the first or left-hand lifteris prevented from rising, the pins 6 and e would permit the second lifter torise onestep higher than the first, the third one step higher than the second, c. Fixed, however, to the left: hand side of the first lifter is a bracket e, which passes across in front of the remainihg litters and is so placed that being engaged by the lugs e on each of the lifters it prevents any lifter from rising more .than one step higher than the first lifter rises. From this construction it follows, therefore, in general that if any plunger is engaged by a projection f to f, stopping the movement ofthe corresponding lifter, the lifters to the leftof it are stopped at the same point, while the lifters to the right of it may rise one step higher. In Fig. 10, therefore, the first two lifters would be prevented from rising far enough to shift either of the two space-bars in the line, and the length of the line would not be affected. The remaining lifters would all be permitted to rise the length of one secico can rise, and the length of the line is not affected. Suppose, however, that this line with eight space-bars is longer than the desired line by an amount equal to the spacebar unit. The abutment-pin It will be advanced thereby an amount equal to this excess in the lines, causing the platef, and with it the L-pieces f to f, to be advanced to the right in Fig. 11 four times this amount, bringing the projectionf above the seventh lifter. The first seven lifters will thereby be prevented from rising. The eighth lifter is free to rise the length of one sectionof a spacebar, shortening the line thereby the required amount. Accordingly as the line is one, two, three, 650., space-bar units longer than the required line theplatef will be advanced to bring the projection f above the seventh, sixth, fifth, the, plungers, Fig. 11, allowing one more plunger in each successive case to rise to shorten the line by one more space-bar unit.

If the line is seven space-bar units too long, the projection 1 will stand above the first plunger 6 permitting the other seven to rise to shorten the line seven space-bar units. Eight units of excessin the line would carry the projection f beyond the first plunger and bring the second projection f above the eighth plunger, permitting them all to rise to shift the space-bars each one step to shorten the line by the required amount.

Fig. 12 shows the positions assumed in the case of a line which, containing eight spacebars, is thirteen space-bar units too long, and Fig. 7 shows the resultant positions of the lifters and space-bars in the line. The lift of all the plungers one step raised all the spacebars from their widest step cl to the next d and withdrew eight space-bar units from the line, and the continued lift of the five plungers to the right of the engaged plunger raised five space-bars to the step d and withdrew five more units from the line, makingthe required thirteen.

In proportion as the line before justification is longer the platefis carried farther to the right to bring the successive projections above the plungers to permit them to rise bygreater amounts, and consideration of the relations involved will show that in each case as many space-bar units will be removed from the line by the resulting shifting of the space-bars as the line was space-bar units too long before maximum movement of the lifters.

justification.

Return of lifters and advancing mechanism to initial positions.The raising action of the lifters takes place while the concentric face of the cam k is passingthe roller 70 and while the decreasing face 6" of the cam e is' passing the roller 6. The change in the ra- (iii of the face a is sufficient to allow the The increasing face e engaging the roller e the link it".

bell-crank lever.

rotation of the shaft. When the space-bars are lifted in the line, the spring 70, acting through the finger k keeps the line com pacted, the square shoulders between the successive sections of the space-bars preventing them from again descending in theline. Following the lowering of the lifters the decreasing face k of the cam 70 thereafter permits the spring 7.0 to advance the line farther toward the left to be transferred to the casting mechanism, the face 71: of the cam thereafter returning these parts to their original position.

In order to allow the advancement of the line toward the left, however, it is necessary to withdraw the abutmen t-pin h from the path 0 which is done as an increasing face of the crown cam-ring n (fastened to the side of the cam e passes the end of an arm n, Fig. 2, on the end of a shaft n which carries near its other end the arm n connected with a This link is thereby depressed, rocking the bell-crank lever n which is fulcru med at n, Fig. 4, and engages a pin n projecting from the abutment-pin 7?, through a slot a Fig. 13, moving the abutment-pin to the unobstructive position shown in Fig. 4:. The link n has a bearing in the block n and engages the bell-crank lever by means of a pin a, which has a sliding connection with the A decreasing face of the cam-ring passing the end of the arm it after the line has passed through the path 0 permits the spring'n to raise the link 72 to cause the pink to again advance into the path 0 of the succeeding line of matrices.

Return of space-accounting and space-dctermining mechanisms to initial positions. Carried below the frame-bracket a is a horizontal shaft j, Figs. 2, 4, and 91}, having bear- 9. A keyj on the shaftj, engaging the gear j, which meshes with the rack h on the bar It, causes the bar, and with it the plate f, to be returned to its initial position toward the right-hand end of bracket a forward end of this shaftj is a collar j having a projecting lugj, Fig. 3, which engages a corresponding lngj on the hub of a lever j ,fulcrumed on the shaft. This lever passes across in front of the lifters e, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, and has a rearwardly-projecting pin 7' which as the lever is rocked toward the right in Fig. 1 by the rotation of the shaftj engages such of the lifters as were in operation upon the last justified line and returns them to their original positions be Keyed on the permit the lever Z toswing back out of the arm path of the lifters and to permit the ad vancement of the plate f by the bar 72, as already described. 7

As the vertical shaft is, heretofore mentioned, rotates to advance the line an inclined projecting flange .9, Figs. 3 and 9, on a collar 3 engages a pin 5 projecting from the end of the lever-arm s. This arm is fixed to a shaft .9 passing through a bearing in the bracket or and carrying on the other end an The upper end of thisarm 3. stands opposite the end of a downward-projecting collar 8 is lifted as the incline .9 passes the pin 3 dropping back into position to meet and raise the pin as the shaft rotates in the opposite direction. This causes the arm .9 to

engage the arm rocking it to lift the pawl g out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet g lifting at the same time, by means of the overhanging lug g ,'the pawl g This 'frees the ratchet and permits the weight on the cord 9 acting through the disk 9 and the cylinder g, to return the platefto its position toward the front of the machine.

Modification of space-determining mechanism.-Figs. 15 to 18 illustrate a modification of a lazy-tongs construction 7 of portions of the space-determining mechanism. The pieces f'f f f are here shown as attached each to a pivot passing through an intermediateintersection of two members This lazytongs rests in a depression f in the bracket a The pieces f to f are affixed to itsunder side, the pivots f f ending flush with the top side of the tongs, and the pivots f and f extending into the grooves f and f in the under side of the plate f. This plate is moved and guided as already described. The groove f acts to move the tongs toward the left iu'the figures as the plate is moved toward the rear of the machine. The groove f being at a'greater angle than the groovef the two pins are thereby separated. The separation of these two pins causes the expansion throughout the length of the tongs,resulting in the separation of the pieces f to f in the same manner as with the-grooves f to f,

- already'describ ed. The particular utility of this lazy-tongs construction occurs in a justifier using a materially greater range of 1 spaces than that here shown, for under such circumstances a multiplicity of grooves in the tion is not to be taken as intimating that other parts of the structure may not be modi- The showing of this modificafied, nor is the modification shown exhaust tion, aseries of movable members having projections extending different amounts at an angle to their path of movement, means for moving said members toward or from each other, aseries of cooperating members adapted to engage the ends of said projections, and

means for changing the relative position of said cooperating members and the series of projections as a whole, substantially as described. t

2. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of relatively movable them bers having projections extending varying extending different amounts at an angle to their path of movement, means for separating said members proportionately, a space-controlling mechanism cooperating with said projections, and including a series of plungersm adapted to engage the ends of said members, means for causing varying movement in some of the parts mentioned, and means-whereby said varying movement. and said separation IIO are dependent upon the number of spaces to be justified and the lines measurement, substantially as described. v

4. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of L-shaped members overhanging different amounts, aseries of plungers cooperating with the ends of the overhanging portions of said members,mechanism for varying the relative position of said members, mechanism for varying the position of the series as a whole relatively to the plungers, one of said variations being dependent on the number of spaces in theline, and the other upon the lines variation from the required length, substantially as described.

5. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of L-shaped members overhanging different amounts, meansfor moving said members relative to each other, a series of cooperating plun-gers adapted to engage the ends of said members, means for movingthe members relatively to the 'plungers, one of said movements being dependent on the number of spaces in the line and the other on the lines variation from the required length, said plungers operating to control the size of space to be in a justified line, substantially as described.

6. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of L-shaped members overhanging difierent amounts, a series of plungers cooperating with the overhanging ends of said projections, mechanism for separating said projections proportionately to the number of spaces in the line, mechanism for moving said projections bodily proportionately to the lines variation from the required length, substantially as described.

7. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of members having upturned ends projecting varying amounts, means for separating said members proportionately to the number of spaces in aline to be justified, a series of plungers adapted to cooperate with the ends of said projections, the distance between corresponding edges of said plungers at theii operative ends being equal to the amount said projections separate for each additional'space, substantially as described.

8. In a justifying mechanism, a series of L- shaped members seating one within the other and guided parallel with each other, combined with mechanism adapted to engage the projecting ends of said members and determine accordingly the size of space to be in the justified line, substantially as described.

9. In a justifying mechanism, a series of L- shaped members seating one within the other and guided parallel with each other and projecting varying amounts,co1nbinedwith mechanism for separating the members according to the number of spacesin the line to be justified, and mechanism adapted to engage the members and determine the size of space to be in the justified line, substantially as described.

10. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of members projecting varying amounts, means for separating said members proportionately to the number of spaces in a line to be justified, a series of plungers adapted to cooperate with said projections, the distance between corresponding edges of said plungers at their operative ends being equal to the amount said projections separate for each additional space, substantially as described.

11. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of members projecting varying amounts, means for separating said members equally, said separation between corresponding edges of any two members being substantially equal to the thickness of a projection multiplied by the number of spaces in a line, plungers cooperating with said projections and occupying a relative position thereto dependent on the measurement of the line, substantially as described.

12. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of members projecting varying amounts, a series of plungers side by side and adapted to cooperate with said projections, said projections being substantially of the same thickness as the plungers, means for separating the said projections to cause a distance between each two of them equal to the thickness of a projection multiplied by the number of spaces in the line.

13. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of plungers, means for stopping the movement of one of the plungers, means whereby all the plungers on one side are prevented from operative movement independently of that plunger but all the plungers on the other side are allowed movement in addition to the movement of said given plunger, and means whereby the movement of said plunger determines the selection of spaces to' be in the justified line, substantially as described.

14. In ajustifying mechanism, in combination, a series of stepped projections, a series of plungers adapted to codperate therewith, means whereby all the plungers on one side of any plunger are prevented from operative movement independently of that plunger but all the plungers on the other side are allowed movement in addition to the movement of said given plunger equal to the projection of a step, and means whereby the movement of said plungerdeterminesthe selection of spaces to be in the justified line, substantially as described.

15. In ajustifying mechanism, in combination, a series of relatively movable projections, a plurality of guides at an angle to each other cooperating with said projections, and means for moving said guides relative to the projections and thereby moving the latter toward or from each other and a spacecontrolling mechanism cooperating with said members, substantially as described.

16. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of projecting members, guides cooperating with said projections, each guide preserving the same angle to the preceding guide, means for moving said guides relative to the projections and thereby proportionately moving them toward or from each other, and a space-controlling mechanism cooperating with said members, substantially as described. l

17. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of relatively movable projections, inclined grooves at an angle to each other, and connected with said projections, means for moving the grooves, while preserving their angles, relative to said projections thereby varying the latters distance apart, substantially as described.

18. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of overlapping L-shaped members, a series of inclined guides cooperating therewith, means for causing relative movement between the guides and members to change the position of the latter relative to each other, and a series of plungers cooperating with said L-shaped members, substan-' tially as described. v

19. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of relatively stationary guideways, a series of members each movable in one of said guideways, projections from said members of difierent amounts, a series of plungers suitably guided to cooperate with said projections, means for shifting said members relative to each other along their individual guideways thereby varying'their distance apart proportionately, and meansfor shifting the series as a whole along their guideways, substantially as described.

20. In ajustifying mechanism, incombiuation, a series of members projecting varying amounts, means for guiding said members whereby they may be movable in the direction of a line from one member to the next, a plurality of guides at an angle to each other extending across said members and engaging with them, means for moving said guides across the members and thereby causing them to movealong their guideway relative to each other to separate or approach each other, and means for shifting the guides longitudinally of said guideway to vary the position of the series as a whole, substantially as described.

21. In a justifyingmechanism, in combination, a series of L-shaped members seating one within the other and guided in parallel grooves and projecting varying amounts, av

number of spaces therein the size of space required in the line, and means for. movingthe space-bar in the line accordingly, substantially as described.

23. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, means for measuring a line of type and interspersed space -bars, which. space-bars consist each of a series of spaces graded in respect to thickness and connectedtogether in order, means for taking account of, the number of spaces in the line, and means for shifting said space-bar through the line an amount dependent on the'said measurement and said number, substantially as described.

24. In a justifying mechanism, aspace-bar composed of a series of contiguous inseparable spaces of graded thickness connected togetherin order and having at the extreme'end of the thickest space an ear having a notch therein, substantially as described.

25. In a justifying mechanism, a space-bar.

consisting of a series of spaces graded in thickness connected together, combined with means for moving said space-bar through a line of type an amount previously determined by measurement of the line and the number of spaces in-the line, means for measuring the line, means for taking account of the number of spaces in the line, thereby determining the movement of the space-bar, substanmeans for moving the bars through the line to vary the spacing thereof as required-by said measurement and by the number of spaces for justification, substantially as described. Q 27. In ajustifying mechanism, in combination, a series of stepped space-bars, each consisting of a series of spaces graded in respect to thickness and rigidly connected together,

means for measuring the amount which'a line containing such space-bars with their thickest operative portion in action is greater than the desired length of the line, means for taking account of the number of spaces in the line, and means governed by these two factors for withdrawing space-bars from the line to reduce its length, substantially as .de-

scribed. x

28. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, means for measuring a line of type and interspersed space-bars which space-bars consist each of a series of spaces graded in ;re-,

spect to thickness, the measurement taking place while the thickest portion of the bar is in the line, and means for thereafter withdrawing the bar, to have athinner portion in the line, an amount dependenton the measurement of the line and the number of space therein, substantially as described. 29. Ina justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of space-bars each consisting of spaces graded in respect to thickness and connected together, means for inserting such bars into a line being assembled with their thick ends uppermost, means for measuring the line while such thick ends are in the line, a series of-lifters, means for causing them to engage with the space-bars in the line,a spacedetermining mechanism varied by the said measurementof the line and the number of space-bars in it, a suitable connecting mechanism between said space-determining mechanism and the lifters whereby the lifters raise the space-bars to have thinner portionsof them in the line as requiredrto properly justify it, substantially as described.

30. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of stepped space-bars, each bar consisting of p a series of spaces graded with respect to thickness and rigidly connected together, means for inserting said bars in a line being set with their thick portions between the matrices of the line said spacebars thus depending from the line, means for taking account of the number of spaces in the line, means for measuring the line when the thick portions of the space-bars are in the line, a series of lifters adapted to engage the space-bars, a means for causing them to lift the bars out of the line an amount dependent upon such measurement and such ac count of the number of spaces, and means for thereafter compressing the line whereby the shoulder between the engaged step and the one above it holds the space-bar from descending, substantially as described.

31. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, aseries of space-bars, means for advancing them with a line to be justified, a series of independently movable lifters normally out of engagement with the space-bars, and means whereby each space-bar in the line engages a lifter-as the line moves along, substantially as described.

32. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of space-bars each having a projecting ear, means for advancing a line with such bars interspersed, a series of independently-movable lift-ers, each lifter being adapted to engage an ear of a space-bar presented to it, and means for moving the lifter to withdraw the space-bars, substantially as described.

33. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of stepped space-bars, means for advancing them with a line to be justified, a series of independently-movable lifters means for causing each space-bar to be engaged bya lifter, and means for moving said lifters an amount dependent on the variation of the line from the required length and the number of spaces to be justified therein, substantially as described.

34. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, a series of space-bars, means for advancing them with a line to be justified, a series of lifters longitudinally guided, said lifters each having a swinging part adapted to engage said space-bars whereby the space-bars and lifters may move together with the line, and means for moving said lifters longitudinally to move the space-bars through the line, substantially as described.

35. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, means for holding a line with interspersed space-bars, a series of lifters adapted to engage the space-bars and by their movement shift them in the line, means whereby all the lifters on one side of and lifter are prevented from operative movement independently of that lifter, but all the lifters on the other side are allowed movement in addition to that of the given lifter, substantially as described.

36. In a justifying mechanism, a series of longitudinally-movable bars arranged side by side, projections on one side of said bars engaging elongated recesses in the adjacent bar, and an extension carried by one of said bars and adapted to engage all the others thus limiting the movement of said other bars,

recesses e 6 &c., in said bars with which the pins of the adjacent bars engage, a bracket as 6 carried by an extreme bar and extending across the other bars, lugs as e on these other bars adapted to engage said bracket whereby the bar carrying the bracket is prevented from moving independently of the other bars, but the other bars are allowed a movement independent of said first bar which is equal to the space between said lugs and bracket, and a series of projections connected with said bars, and means for changing the relative position of said projections, substantially as described.

38. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, means for holding a line of type with interspersed space-bars, a series of lifters adapted to engage the space-bars and by their movement change the position thereof in the line, a series of projections, a series of plungers cooperating with the projections,

means for changing the relation of the plungers to the projections according to the number of spaces in the line and the lines variation from the required length, and a connection between the plungers and lifters, substantially as described.

39. In a justifying mechanism, in combination, means for holding a line with interspersed space-bars, a series of lifters adapted to engage said bars, springs giving said lifters a tendency to move the bars through the line, means for restraining the action of said springs and for releasing them and allowing them to operate the lifters, and means governed by the measurement of the line and the number of spaces therein for determining the amount of movement of the lifters, substantially as described.

40. In a justifying mechanism, means for guiding the line with interspersed space-bars, a series oflifters adapted to engage said spacebars, a series of levers adapted to elevate said lifters, a series of springs operating individually on the levers giving them a tendency to so operate the lifters, and means for restraining all of said levers and for allowing them to go into action collectively, individual plungers connected with the levers, and a series of projections cooperating therewith and determining by their relative position which levers and lifters shall go into operation, substantially as described. 

